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E-mail: michael@shboqu.com   |   Expert in Water Quality Measurement and Water Treatment Project

Distinguishing between available chlorine, chlorine demand, chlorine addition at transition point, combined chlorine, and free chlorine

by:BOQU     2023-03-31
Available chlorine refers to the chlorine content with oxidizing ability produced by adding chlorine-based bactericidal water treatment agents to water. After adding water treatment technology, almost all of them are converted into HClO or ClO- with oxidizing ability, so its available chlorine content is 100%. The available chlorine of chlorine-based fungicides such as hypochlorite and dichloroisocyanurate is less than 100%. The theoretical value of available chlorine of sodium dichloroisocyanurate is 64.5%, and the representative value is 61.0%. Because certain microorganisms, slime, organic matter and other reducing compounds in the water will consume part of the available chlorine, this part of the consumed chlorine is called the chlorine demand, and when the chlorine addition just reaches the chlorine demand control point, it is called the conversion. effect point. Only when the amount of chlorine added exceeds the required amount of chlorine, that is, after the amount of chlorine added exceeds the conversion point, can the residual chlorine in water be measured. Chlorination at the conversion point is to add sufficient amount of chlorine gas to the wastewater treatment until the chlorine demand is met, and then continue to add chlorine to generate residual chlorine, and the remaining part of chlorine is called free residual oxygen or residual chlorine for short. my country's domestic drinking water treatment water quality standard (GB5749-85), after 30 minutes of chlorine contact, free residual chlorine should not be lower than 0.3mg/L; chlorine gas should not be lower than 0.05mg/L; for industrial water treatment for different purposes, the controlled The amount of residual chlorine is also different. The purpose of retaining a certain amount of residual chlorine is to maintain continuous killing power and prevent water pollution. Combined chlorine is a chlorine compound with oxidizing ability formed by the reaction of chlorine and certain compounds in water. For example, chlorine reacts with ammonia in water to form monochloramine (NH2Cl), dichloramine (NHCI2) and trichloramine (NCI3), which still have a certain oxidation ability, and the total chlorine content is called combined chlorine, or combined chlorine. If the amount of chlorine added to water is higher than the sum of chlorine demand and combined chlorine, the remaining chlorine mainly exists in the water in the form of HCIO and ClO-, which is called free (residual) chlorine or free chlorine. Chlorine (free residual chlorine). =C12+HClO+ClO-). The sum of residual chlorine in water is total chlorine. The free chlorine usually analyzed is actually the sum of free chlorine and some combined chlorine with oxidizing ability.
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