What are the common treatment methods for laboratory wastewater?

Among the various industries and types of wastewater treatment, laboratory wastewater is one of the more difficult to treat. Because laboratory wastewater is mixed with various chemicals, the composition is usually more complicated, and it is more difficult to treat. Before introducing the process of laboratory wastewater treatment, let's first understand the types of laboratory wastewater. According to the nature of the pollutants contained in laboratory wastewater, we usually divide it into three categories: inorganic, organic, and laboratory wastewater containing pathogenic microorganisms. Laboratory inorganic wastewater: mainly contains heavy metals (the waste liquid contains iron, cobalt, copper, silver, cadmium, lead, gallium, chromium, titanium, germanium, tin, aluminum, magnesium, nickel, zinc, silver, etc.), arsenic, Contains mercury, fluoride, acid and alkali, etc. Laboratory organic wastewater: contains commonly used organic solvents, organic acids, ethers, organophosphorus compounds, phenols, petroleum, and oils. Laboratory waste water containing pathogenic microorganisms: mainly biological laboratory test waste water, dissection table flushing waste water, biological culture fluid, culture medium and a small amount of experimental equipment flushing water, and animal room cage flushing waste water. Common laboratory wastewater treatment methods: 1. Ozone-based oxidation method Ozone has long been considered an effective oxidant and disinfectant. It uses oxidation to treat organic wastewater with fast reaction speed and no secondary pollution. It can oxidize organic substances that are difficult to oxidize and degrade when acting alone. 2. Multiphase photocatalytic oxidation method This method can remove many substances that are difficult to degrade or be removed by other methods, such as polychlorinated biphenyls, organophosphorus compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, etc., can also be removed by this method, most organic pollutants The removal rate is almost 100/100. It has outstanding advantages such as low energy consumption, simple operation, mild reaction conditions, and no secondary pollution. 3. Fenton's reagent method In the test of organic wastewater treatment by reagent method, the pH does not need to be adjusted. The optimal dosage of ferrous sulfate (FeSO4) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is 115g, 410mL, and the reaction time is 30min. The treatment effect, the COD removal rate reaches above 75/100. In the reaction, hydroxyl radicals with strong oxidation ability can be generated, so that the organic matter in the organic wastewater can be degraded quickly. The process has the advantages of simple equipment, mild reaction conditions, convenient operation, and high efficiency. It has great application potential in the treatment of toxic, harmful and refractory biodegradable organic wastewater. However, the method has high treatment costs and is only suitable for the treatment of low-concentration and small amounts of wastewater. 4. Wet oxidation technology Wet oxidation, also known as wet combustion, is an effective method for treating high-concentration organic wastewater. The basic principle is to introduce air under high temperature and high pressure conditions to oxidize organic pollutants in wastewater. According to whether there is a catalyst in the treatment process, it can be divided into two types: wet air oxidation and wet air catalytic oxidation. Wet air oxidation This method is mainly used to treat wastewater whose concentration is too dilute for combustion treatment, too high for biodegradation treatment, or has high toxicity. The wet air catalytic oxidation method is to add a suitable catalyst to the traditional wet oxidation treatment process so that the oxidation reaction can be completed under milder conditions and in a shorter time. 5. Activated carbon adsorption method Activated carbon adsorption method is mostly used to remove trace organic matter in dissolved state that cannot be removed by biological or physical or chemical methods. Laboratory concentrated organic wastewater contains a large amount of test residual liquid and waste solvent, and its main components are alkanes, aromatics, and substances that can greatly reduce the surface free energy of the liquid surface, and the wastewater is high in concentration, small in volume, and acidic, so it is very suitable for use Activated carbon adsorption treatment. The treatment process is to separate the organic phase in the wastewater through simple separation first, and then through the secondary adsorption of activated carbon, the removal rate of COD can reach 93/100, and the activated carbon also adsorbs some inorganic heavy metal ions. The above are several common laboratory wastewater treatment methods. In the actual design of laboratory wastewater treatment schemes, the above processes can be used in conjunction with each other according to the actual situation to achieve better wastewater treatment and purification effects. The laboratory wastewater treatment equipment also determines the equipment model according to the nature and amount of wastewater in the customer's laboratory. It can also be customized according to the special needs of customers.
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