What harm does improper sludge disposal do to the environment?

Sewage Monitoring System / Do you know what harm the sludge does to the environment if it is not properly disposed of? With the development and progress of society, many enterprises have been born, but at the same time, they are facing more and more environmental protection problems, and there are also many sludge and sewage generated. So what harm will the improper disposal of sludge cause to the environment? Organic pollution: The organic pollutants in sludge mainly include benzene, chlorophenols, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDDs). The organic pollutants contained in the sludge are not easy to degrade, and the toxicity remains for a long time. These toxic and harmful substances will cause environmental pollution when they enter the water body and soil. Pathogenic microorganism pollution: Pathogenic microorganisms and parasite eggs in sewage will enter the sludge after treatment. Pathogens in sludge can contaminate humans or animals through direct contact with sludge, direct contact with sludge through the food chain, and water source contamination by pathogens. , Pathogens first pollute the soil and then pollute the water. Heavy metal pollution: During sewage treatment, 70% to 90% of heavy metal elements will be transferred to sludge through adsorption or precipitation. Some heavy metal elements mainly come from industrial wastewater such as cadmium and chromium. In addition, some heavy metals come from the piping system of family life, such as copper and zinc. Other hazards: The secondary pollution of sludge to the environment also includes the pollution of sludge salt and the pollution of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus. The high salt content of sludge will significantly increase the soil electrical conductivity, destroy the balance of plant nutrients, inhibit the absorption of nutrients by plants, and even cause direct damage to plant roots. After a large amount of sludge rich in nitrogen and phosphorus is applied to areas with large rainfall and loose soil, when the decomposition rate of organic matter is faster than the absorption rate of nitrogen and phosphorus by plants, nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus may be released with water. Loss into the surface water body causes eutrophication of the water body, and enters the ground to cause groundwater pollution.