What is total organic carbon (toc)?

Total organic carbon (TOC), the amount of carbon in organic compounds, is often used as a non-specific indicator of water quality or cleanliness of pharmaceutical manufacturing equipment. Since the early 1970s, TOC has been used as an analytical technique to measure water quality during drinking water purification. TOC in water comes from decaying natural organic matter (NOM) as well as synthetics. Detergents, pesticides, fertilizers, herbicides, industrial chemicals, and chlorinated organics are all synthetic. TOC plays an important role in quantifying the amount of natural organic matter in a water source prior to testing the water source. In water treatment facilities, the water source interacts with chlorinated agents. When raw water is chlorinated, active chlorine compounds (Cl2, HOCl, ClO-) combine with natural organic matter to produce chlorinated by-products (DBPs). Many researchers believe that the increase of natural organic matter in the purification process will increase the number of carcinogens in drinking water. Today, TOC analysis has become a fast and efficient method to assess the potential pollution of wastewater, and will replace other traditional but lengthy methods, such as biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) tests.
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